Category: Psychology

Some leaders understand emotions better than others. They can read people, predict reactions, and use this insight to influence decisions. But not all of them do so with good intentions. In leadership and psychological research, these individuals have become known as “dark empaths”.

What Is Dark Empathy?

Dark empathy is understanding and connecting with others’ emotions—but for self-serving purposes. Unlike traditional empathy, which fosters kindness and support, dark empathy can be used for control and manipulation.

Dark empaths share traits with the Dark Triad—narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy—but they differ in one key way. They feel others’ emotions but don’t always use that awareness ethically.

Five Traits of Dark Empathy

1. Manipulation: They use emotional awareness to influence people for their benefit, often employing guilt-tripping or gaslighting tactics to help them achieve their goals.
2. Charisma: They are often likeable and socially skilled. This makes them harder to spot and makes it easy for them to win your trust.
3. Emotional Intelligence: They can read and predict others’ feelings with accuracy.
4. Emotional Detachment: They understand pain but don’t necessarily feel guilty about causing it.
5. Strategic Thinking: They plan their actions carefully, ensuring they maintain control.

Is Dark Empathy a Valid Leadership Model?

Some argue that dark empathy makes for effective leadership—leaders who are persuasive, emotionally aware, and socially dominant. These traits can help them:

• Inspire confidence in their teams.
• Navigate conflicts with skill.
• Influence decisions in their favour.

But there’s a downside. Dark Empath leaders often prioritise personal success over team well-being. Over time, this can:

• Create a toxic work culture built on fear and uncertainty.
• Cause burnout as employees struggle with emotional pressure.
• This leads to high turnover when people recognise the manipulation.

While dark empathy can be helpful, it lacks the genuine care that builds trust and long-term success.

Current Research on Dark Empathy

Recent studies suggest one in five people show signs of dark empathy. These individuals often blend emotional intelligence with self-interest, making them difficult to identify.

Research highlights:

• Dark empaths score high on emotional intelligence tests but show lower levels of compassion.
• They avoid physical aggression but engage in psychological manipulation.
• Many thrive in leadership roles where control and persuasion are key.

For a deeper dive, check out this research on dark empaths.

How Dark Empathy Shows Up in School Leadership

School leaders influence students, staff, and policies. A dark empath in this role might:

• Show excessive charm while subtly undermining colleagues.
• Use emotional leverage to push staff into extra work.
• Favour specific students or teachers to control loyalty.
• Frame manipulation as motivation, disguising pressure as encouragement.

This leadership style can create high stress, competition, and distrust in a school environment.

Is Dark Empathy Always Bad?

Not necessarily. Reading emotions and thinking strategically can be helpful—if guided by strong ethics. Some dark empaths use their skills for good by:

• Defusing conflicts with their deep understanding of emotions.
• Motivating teams without pushing them too far.
• Recognising manipulation in others and countering it effectively.

The key difference is intent. When dark empathy serves only the leader, it becomes dangerous.

How to Handle a Dark Empath Boss

If you work under a dark empath leader, you need explicit strategies to protect yourself.

• Set firm boundaries – Stick to your responsibilities and avoid personal entanglements.
• Document interactions – Keep records of meaningful conversations.
• Seek support – Talk to colleagues or HR if patterns emerge.
• Stay emotionally aware – Recognize when guilt or pressure is being used against you.

Dark empaths thrive on emotional leverage—don’t give them that power.

References:

• Heym, N., Ferguson, E., & Lawrence, C. (2021). Dark empathy: Understanding the emotional intelligence of manipulative personalities. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 120(3), 480–496.
• Hessel, J., Hansen, C., & Miller, D. (2022). Leadership and dark empathy: A double-edged sword in organizational settings. Leadership Quarterly, 33(2), 270–290.
• Paulus, M., & Williams, B. (2021). The psychology of dark empathy: Implications for leadership and influence. Psychological Science, 32(5), 680–695.
• Wai, M., & Tiliopoulos, N. (2012). The dark triad and emotional intelligence: Intersections and consequences. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(6), 762–766.

Journeying

As a psychology practitioner and a keen reader of Robert Greene, I am currently researching this topic. I will write more on related topics soon.

Sources used and some further reading:

Article: The positive connection between dark triad traits and leadership levels in self- and other-ratings

Article: The Dark Empath: Characterising dark traits in the presence of empathy

Article: In Leaders We Trust, or Should We? Supervisors’ Dark Triad Personality Traits and Ratings of Team Performance and Innovation

Article: The Dark Empath: Characterising dark traits in the presence of empathy

Mindforest Article: 3 Traits of Dark Triad Personality: Recognise Dark Leadership at Work

Article: Examining Dark Triad Traits in Formal Leaders and Their Impact on Employee Workplace Stress: A Comparative Study of Family and Non-Family Businesses

Article: Understanding the Hidden Manipulator